Here at the List Universe we have already covered many bizarre
illnesses and medical conditions, but there is always room for one more!
This list deals with odd diseases that have no known cause – or at
least no consensus on cause. Most are rare, and they all share the
common attribute of having unusual symptoms. Be sure to mention others
you know in the comments.10Gulf War Syndrome
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Gulf War syndrome (GWS) is an illness reported by combat veterans of
the 1991 Persian Gulf War typified by symptoms including immune system
disorders and birth defects. It has not always been clear whether these
symptoms were related to Gulf War service or whether the occurrence of
illnesses in Gulf War veterans is higher than comparable populations.
Symptoms attributed to this syndrome have been wide-ranging, including
chronic fatigue, loss of muscle control, headaches, dizziness and loss
of balance, memory problems, muscle and joint pain, indigestion, skin
problems, shortness of breath, and even insulin resistance. While the
cause of the syndrome is unknown, some theories put forth are anthrax
vaccines given to soldiers, the use of depleted uranium for weaponry, or
exposure to chemical weapons destroyed in various bombings. There is
also speculation that it may be caused by an unknown bacteria.
9Twentieth-Century Disease
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Also known as multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), Twentieth-Century
Disease is described as a chronic condition characterized by adverse
effects from exposure to low levels of chemicals or other substances in
modern human environments. Suspected substances include smoke,
pesticides, plastics, synthetic fabrics, scented products, petroleum
products and paints. But here is the odd thing: blinded trials have
shown that MCS patients do not actually react to chemicals, but they do
react in unblinded tests when they believe they are being exposed to a
trigger. The cause of the disease is unknown. It was the focus of the
odd 1995 film “[SAFE]” featuring Julianne Moore.8Stiff Person Syndrome
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Stiff person syndrome is a bizarre (and rare) disease which causes
the sufferer to have random muscle spasms that can be so strong they
cause the person to fall over – leading to broken bones. SPS is
characterized by fluctuating muscle rigidity in the trunk and limbs and a
heightened sensitivity to stimuli such as noise, touch, and emotional
distress, which can set off muscle spasms. Abnormal postures, often
hunched over and stiffened, are characteristic of the disorder. People
with SPS can be too disabled to walk or move, or they can be afraid to
leave the house because street noises, such as the sound of a horn, can
trigger spasms and falls. SPS affects twice as many women as men.7Morgellons Disease
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Morgellons disease is characterized by symptoms including crawling,
biting, and stinging sensations; finding fibers on or under the skin;
and persistent skin lesions (e.g., rashes or sores). Current scientific
consensus holds that Morgellons is not a
disorder and is instead a
and misleading name for known illnesses. Most doctors, including
dermatologists and psychiatrists, regard Morgellons as a manifestation
of known medical conditions, including delusional parasitosis, although
some health professionals believe that Morgellons disease is a specific
condition likely to be confirmed by future research. Researchers have
found that affected skin when studied under a microscope can contain
thousands of tiny hairs which may be being produced by the body (though
they are not on record as being typical human hairs), but are not
manmade or from plants. A New Mexico doctor reports that a former CIA
agent told him the disease was caused by the French. “A botched
government experiment contaminated the water. All Evian drinkers are at
risk.”6Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
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Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a condition whose symptoms are recurring
attacks of intense nausea, vomiting and sometimes abdominal pain and/or
headaches or migraines. Cyclic vomiting usually develops during
childhood; while it often ends during adolescence, it can persist into
adult life. Onset of the condition is possible at any age but is seen
to occur more often in a young age. Sufferers may vomit or retch six to
twelve times an hour and an episode may last from a few hours to well
over 3 weeks. Some people may find it hard to conceive how anyone can
vomit after that length of time, as the stomach will have emptied after
the first few instances of vomiting. Acid, bile and (if the vomiting is
severe) blood may be vomited. It results in lack of sleep, normal
eating, and concentration. The cause of CVS has not been determined,
there are no diagnostic tests for it.
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5Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity
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Electromagnetic hypersensitivity is a condition in which people
experience medical symptoms that they believe are caused by exposure to
electromagnetic fields. Although effects of electromagnetic fields on
the body are established, sufferers of electromagnetic hypersensitivity
report responding to electromagnetic radiation at intensities well below
those permitted by international safety standards. The majority of
trials to date have found that sufferers of electromagnetic
hypersensitivity are unable to distinguish between the exposure to real
and sham electromagnetic fields. Although individuals who report
electromagnetic hypersensitivity believe that electromagnetic fields
from common electrical devices trigger or exacerbate their symptoms, it
has not been established that these fields play any role in the cause of
sensitivity symptoms. In 2005 the World Health Organization concluded
that there is no known scientific basis for the belief that
electromagnetic hypersensitivity is caused by exposure to
electromagnetic fields.4Nodding Disease
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The symptoms of nodding disease are very peculiar. When a child is
affected by it, his/her growth appears to be completely and permanently
stunted. The growth of the brain is also stunted, leading to mental
retardation of the victim. The disease is named nodding disease since it
causes pathological nodding. This is a seizure which begins when the
victim begins to eat food, or when he/she feels cold. As soon as either
of these conditions is met, the afflicted will immediately begin to nod.
These seizures are brief and halt after the child stops eating or when
they feel warm again. However, this symptom is very unusual as the
victims don’t appear to suffer from seizures when they are given an
unfamiliar food, for example a candy bar. The seizures can be severe and
cause the child to collapse, leading to further injury.3Peruvian Meteorite Illness
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The Peruvian Meteorite Illness occurred when the Carancas meteorite
fell on September 15, 2007. A large chondritic meteorite crashed near
the village of Carancas in Peru, close to the Bolivian border and to
Lake Titicaca. The impact created a crater and scorched earth around its
location. A local official, Marco Limache, said that “boiling water
started coming out of the crater, and particles of rock and cinders were
found nearby”, as “fetid, noxious” gases spewed from the crater. After
the impact, villagers who had approached the impact site grew sick from a
then-unexplained illness, with a wide array of symptoms including
vomiting. While some speculate that the illness may have been caused by
arsenic poisoning as arsenic in the local water was evaporated by the
hot meteorite (quite unusual as most meteors are cold upon collision),
there is no scientific evidence or consensus on what the cause of this
mysterious and brief illness was.2The Sweating Sickness
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Sweating sickness was a mysterious and highly virulent disease which
struck England and later Europe in a series of epidemics, the first
beginning in 1485 and the last in 1551, afterwards apparently vanishing.
The onset of symptoms was dramatic and sudden, with death often
occurring within hours. The cause is the most mysterious aspect of the
disease. Commentators then and now put much blame on the general dirt
and sewage of the time which may have harboured the source of infection.
The first outbreak at the end of the Wars of the Roses means that it
may have been brought over from France by the French mercenaries whom
Henry VII used to gain the English throne, particularly as they seem to
have been immune. The fact that the disease seems to have been more
virulent among the rich than the poor suggests why it was judged
noteworthy in comparison to the other illnesses of the time. Pictured
above is Charles Brandon, Third Duke of Suffolk who died together with
his brother of the sweating sickness.1Exploding Head Syndrome
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Exploding head syndrome is a condition that causes the sufferer to
occasionally experience a tremendously loud noise as originating from
within his or her own head, usually described as the sound of an
explosion, roar, waves crashing against rocks, loud voices, or a ringing
noise. This noise usually occurs within an hour or two of falling
asleep, but is not the result of a dream and can happen while awake as
well. Perceived as extremely loud, the sound is usually not accompanied
by pain. Attacks appear to change in frequency over time, with several
attacks occurring in a space of days or weeks followed by months of
remission. Sufferers often feel a sense of fear and anxiety after an
attack, accompanied by elevated heart rate. The cause of the exploding
head syndrome is not known, though some physicians have reported a
correlation with stress or extreme fatigue. The condition may develop at
any time during life and women are slightly more likely to suffer from
it than men. Attacks can be one-time events, or can recur.